Born on February 24, 1885 in Czarist-ruled Warsawand thus a Russian subject in his partitioned homelandyoung Stas (the diminutive of Stanislaw) grew up and spent most of his life in Zakopane in the Polish Tatras Mountainsthen a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empirewhere his father had moved in 1890 because of failing credit free report score Topeka health brought on by tuberculosis. At first a small artists colony and picturesque resort rich in spectacular mountains, dramatic seasonal changes and weather, colorful highlanders, and credit free report score Topeka regional folklore, Zakopane soon grew into a major tourist attraction for skiers, hikers, and vacationers.From 4500 inhabitants in 1900, the population reached 17,000 in 1937figures which were doubled or tripled during the summer season.Polands international stars credit free report score Topeka in the arts often visited Zakopane, where many built homes in the local architectural style promoted by the elder Witkiewicz.Although it had no permanent theatre of its own, Zakopane was in the cultural orbit of Cracow, the ancient Polish capital fifty miles to the north, which at the turn of the century became the center of a credit free report score Topeka progressive new movement in the arts known credit free report score Topeka as Young Poland. Throughout the nineteenth-century Polish theatre had flourished as an art of the performer, but shackled by censorship and the constraints of partition and credit free report score Topeka occupation, drama for the most part credit free report score Topeka stagnated. online credit check free The great poet-playwrights of the romantic era had written in exile or credit free report score Topeka for the drawer, and their works extolling freedom were forbidden in consequence of the uprisings and bloody reprisals.
In the credit free report score Topeka 1890s the situation gradually began to credit free report score Topeka change as the old imperial structures showed credit free report score Topeka signs of approaching decline and disintegration.credit free report score Topeka Because in the relatively tolerant Austrian sector credit free report score Topeka government control of the arts was less stringent, writers and artists inspired by credit free report score Topeka the new modernist trends from Western Europenaturalism and symbolismmade Cracow their headquarters.A new municipal theatre, built in 1893, introduced the modern repertory of Ibsen, Hauptmann, Strindberg, and Wedekind. The old city itself was a kind of stage upon which a small band of writers, artists, and bourgeois bohemians lived theatricalized lives. free credit score report Back from art studies and theatre-going in credit free report score Topeka Paris, the painter-playwright Stanislaw Wyspianski developed a uniquely Polish form of poetic drama, based on a synthesis of the arts.
Using a powerful theatrical language of metaphors and images capable of embodying complex social and political issues.Polish modernist theatre was in Wyspianskis hands nationalist credit free report score Topeka and liberationist in ideology. Zakopane was quick to adopt the new currents with which Cracow was astir.The Witkiewicz household, credit free report score Topeka although modest in means, became a major center for Polish intellectual life; the credit free report score Topeka talk that young Stas heard as credit free report score Topeka a child was of Nietzsche, Maeterlinck, Wilde, credit free report score Topeka and the latest premieres in Cracow. Taught entirely at home by tutors (prestigious friends of the family from the world of the arts and sciences), according to his fathers radically nonconformist educational credit free report score Topeka principles, Stas was encouraged to develop his talents freely in many directions. The aim was to transform the boy into an independent spirit capable of standing above the herd, but dedicated to public service and the national cause.By the age of five Stas was painting and playing the piano, at seven he wrote his first play, Cockroaches, which he printed himself on his own press. In his Comedies of Family Life, credit free report score Topeka the child playwright is the self-reflexive hero around whom the action revolves; when a character in the playan admiring lady visitor reading one of Stass comediesexclaims, Its exactly like Maeterlinck! free credit check reports
the young authors creativity becomes the subject of his own drama. Actual visitors to the credit free report score Topeka Witkiewicz household included his godmother, the Polish-American actress Helena Modjeska, and the young Yiddish writer, Sholem Asch.Due to his fathers position of eminence, the boy associated with the most famous and talented credit free report score Topeka people of the time.The painter-mathematician Leon Chwistek, the composer, Karol Szymanowski, the anthropologist, Bronislaw Malinowski, and a little later the pianist Artur Rubinstein were among Witkacy close friends in these formative years.
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